bilateralism & multilateralism

how bilateral, multilateral, regional, unilateral and plurilateral approaches relate (e.g. FTAs vis-à-vis WTO)

EU okays exemption of Japanese railway firms from procurement accord
The European Union has agreed to accept a request for exempting three Japanese railway operators from obligations under a global government procurement pact, Japan's Jiji Press news agency reports.
Yes to a sustainable trade policy – no to the TTIP
This short publication highlights some of the potential risks that the EU-US free trade agreement represents to the developing and emerging countries.
Imperialism and the new free trade deals
Far from being a means to open up the world to a further intensification of trade, TPP and TTIP will carve up the world into two or more power blocs waging economic war with one another.
TPP would 'upgrade' US trade pacts, says US Commerce chief
The TPP is designed "to create a high-standard global trade agreement that addresses a bunch of issues that have not been addressed before in our trade agreements," US Commerce Secretary Penny Pritzker said, adding, "And frankly, if we don't do it, someone else is going to set the standard."
Patents against people: How drug companies price patients out of survival
The struggle for access to medicine presents a legal and ethical minefield for rich and poor countries alike—one that is being fought out as humanitarians challenge corporations over intellectual property rights.
Complex trade pacts promote land grabs
Multiplicity of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and free trade agreements (FTAs) leave room for some investors to take advantage of African resources, it has been asserted at a CUTS meeting in Geneva last week
Investment agreements: A new threat to health and TRIPS flexibilities?
Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) may be a threat to access to medicines as shown by a recent legal suit by a drug multinational against Canada for invalidating a patent, writes Carlos Correa
The rise of regionalism in international investment policymaking: consolidation or complexity?
A recent UNCTAD analysis of nine selected regional negotiations has found that, were these to lead to agreements, they could replace close to 10 per cent of today's bilateral investment treaties (BITs).
Regional consolidation, cross-regional tie-ups, or multilateralization of East Asian FTAs?
So far, research on the impacts of free trade agreements in east Asia assume the full utilisation of preferences. This column argues that newer evidence suggests that this assumption is made in error: estimated uptake is particularly low in east Asia. If we assume a more realistic utilisation rate in estimating impacts, results suggest that actual utilisation rates significantly diminish the benefits from preferential liberalisation, but in a non-linear way. In the absence of Doha, the multilateralisation of preferences, even without reciprocity, is the practical route that is most likely to deliver the greatest benefits to WTO members.
L'OMC a-t-elle encore un avenir ?
Roberto Azedevo vient d'être choisi pour diriger l'institution à l'heure où les accords bilatéraux ont le vent en poupe. Ce type de contrats va pourtant à l'encontre du principe même de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC). L'institution internationale doit-elle se sentir menacée?